Role of critical elements in botulinum neurotoxin complex in toxin routing across intestinal and bronchial barriers.
The highly potent botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) inhibits neurotransmitter release at neuromuscular junctions resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis, respiratory arrest and death.In order to reach their neuronal cell targets, BoNT/A must cross epithelial cell barriers lining the intestines and airways.The toxin is produced as a large prote